David Diop (born February 24, 1966) is a French novelist and academic, who specializes in 18th-century French and Francophone African literature. He received the 2021 International Booker Prize for his novel At Night All Blood Is Black as the first French author (translated by Anna Moschovakis). The novel was also shortlisted for ten French awards and won them in other countries.

David Diop was born in Paris in 1966 to a French mother and a Senegalese father. He moved to Dakar at the age of five and spent the majority of his childhood in Senegal before returning to study in France at the age of eighteen after finishing high school. Diop received a doctorate from the Sorbonne for his studies on 18th-century French literature.

In 1998, he became a lecturer in literature at the University of Pau and the Adour Region specializing in 18th-century French literature and in African French literature. In 2009 he was appointed to head a research group on the representation of Africa and Africans in 17th- and 18th-century European literature. He received his habilitation in 2014. Diop now heads the arts, languages, and literature department at the university. He lives in Pau.