Formerly a Fellow of the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities in the University of Edinburgh, Roger Collins is now a Fellow in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology of the University of Edinburgh. He has published widely in medieval Spanish and European history, and his books include: The Basques (Blackwell, 1986), The Arab Conquest of Spain, 710–797 (Blackwell, 1989), Oxford Archaeological Guide to Spain (1998), Charlemagne (1998), Visigothic Spain, 409–711 (Blackwell, 2004), and, most recently, Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy (2009). Less